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JAMA. 2008;299(18):2144-2145.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

MMWR. 2008;57:309-312

2 figures, 1 table omitted

Kidney disease is the ninth leading cause of death in the United States.¹ Nearly 26 million persons in the United States have chronic kidney disease (CKD), and another 20 million are at increased risk for CKD.² End-stage renal disease (ESRD), which can be caused by either CKD or acute renal failure (ARF), results in approximately 85,000 deaths each year in the United States.³ The total annual cost of treating ESRD in the United States was approximately $33 billion in 2005.³ Much of the care for CKD and ESRD is provided in the outpatient setting; however, the number of hospitalizations for ARF and chronic kidney failure (CKF) is substantial. In 2004, an estimated 221,000 hospitalizations with a first-listed discharge diagnosis of ARF and 19,000 with a first-listed discharge diagnosis of CKF occurred in the United States.⁴ To characterize national trends in kidney disease hospitalizations, . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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