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Joan Stephenson, PhD

JAMA. 2009;302(15):1640.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

Vaccinating all children in sub-Saharan Africa against some bacterial infections could substantially improve the survival of children with sickle cell anemia, according to a new study by researchers in Kenya, England, Ghana, and Tanzania (Williams TN et al. Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61374-X [published online ahead of print September 9, 2009]).

Each year, an estimated 200 000 children in Africa are born with sickle cell anemia, and more than 90% die before the disease is diagnosed.

In a study of 38 441 children younger than 14 years admitted to a hospital in Kenya, the researchers found that 6% of children with bacteremia had sickle cell anemia compared with only 1% of children from 2 groups of matched controls. The age-adjusted odds ratio for bacteremia in children with sickle cell anemia was 26.3, with the strongest associations for Streptococcus pneumoniae, non-typhi Salmonella species, and Haemophilus influenzae type b.

Neonatal screening . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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